step 1.
트위터 api를 사용하려면 인증된 아이디가 필요하다.
— 참고 페이지 —
인증 받는 법 : Twitter API v1.1 with OAuth
인증 받는 곳 : 트위터 개발자 페이지
step 2.
트위터 서비스 관련 함수
구글링을 통해 가져온 소스가 다수 포함되어 있으나, 정확한 출처를 기억하지 못해 적지 못하였습니다. 출처 아시는 분은 제보 부탁드려요.
/// <summary>
/// 트위터 API 접속 ID 등 세팅
/// </summary>
public void SetTwitterApi(string _consumerkey, string _consumersecret, string _accesstoken, string _accesssecret)
{
this.consumerkey = _consumerkey;
this.consumersecret = _consumersecret;
this.accesstoken = _accesstoken;
this.accesssecret = _accesssecret;
}
public DataTable GetTwiter(int cnt)
{
#region api 1.1
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.AppendLine("https://api.twitter.com/1.1/statuses/user_timeline.json?user_id=받은 아이디");
sb.AppendLine("&trim_user=false");
sb.AppendLine("&count=" + cnt + "");
//트위터 개발자 사이트에서 얻은 값을 입력.
string oauthconsumerkey = "";
string oauthconsumersecret = "";
string oauthtoken = "";
string oauthtokensecret = "";
SetTwitterApi(oauthconsumerkey, oauthconsumersecret, oauthtoken, oauthtokensecret);
string jsonStrTimeline = GetTwitterData(sb.ToString());
JsonTextParser parser = new JsonTextParser();
JsonArrayCollection jArr = parser.Parse(jsonStrTimeline) as JsonArrayCollection;
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("ID", typeof(string))); // 트위터 글번호
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("TEXT", typeof(string))); // 트위터 내용
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("CREATED_AT", typeof(string))); // 작성일자
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("PROFILE_IMAGE_URL", typeof(string))); // 프로파일 이미지
DataRow dr = null;
foreach (JsonCollection twit in jArr)
{
dr = dt.NewRow();
dr[0] = twit[2].GetValue();
dr[1] = twit[3].GetValue();
dr[2] = twit[0].GetValue();
JsonObjectCollection user = twit[11] as JsonObjectCollection;
dr[3] = user[27].GetValue();
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
#endregion
return dt;
}
#endregion
#region [ 트위터 서비스 관련 함수 ]
private string EncodeCharacters(string data)
{
//as per OAuth Core 1.0 Characters in the unreserved character set MUST NOT be encoded
//unreserved = ALPHA, DIGIT, '-', '.', '_', '~'
if (data.Contains("!"))
data = data.Replace("!", "%21");
if (data.Contains("'"))
data = data.Replace("'", "%27");
if (data.Contains("("))
data = data.Replace("(", "%28");
if (data.Contains(")"))
data = data.Replace(")", "%29");
if (data.Contains("*"))
data = data.Replace("*", "%2A");
if (data.Contains(","))
data = data.Replace(",", "%2C");
return data;
}
//this gets the json data from twitter api
public string GetTwitterData(string resourceurl)
{
//create parameter list
List<string> parameterlist;
//check for query string
if (resourceurl.Contains("?"))
{
parameterlist = getparameterlistfromurl(resourceurl);
resourceurl = resourceurl.Substring(0, resourceurl.IndexOf('?'));
}
else
{
parameterlist = null;
}
//build the oauth header
string authheader = buildheader(resourceurl, parameterlist);
//make the request to the twitter api and get the JSON response
string jsonresponse = TwitterWebRequest(resourceurl, authheader, parameterlist);
return jsonresponse;
}
//retreive a list if parameters from the resource url. This will be used when making the request to the twitter api and in generating the signature
private List<string> getparameterlistfromurl(string resourceurl)
{
//Uri MyUrl = new Uri(resourceurl);
string querystring = resourceurl.Substring(resourceurl.IndexOf('?') + 1);
List<string> listtoreturn = new List<string>();
NameValueCollection nv = HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(querystring);
foreach (string parameter in nv)
{
listtoreturn.Add(parameter + "=" + Uri.EscapeDataString(nv[parameter].ToString()));
}
return listtoreturn;
}
//this gets the timeline data from twitter api
private string buildheader(string resourceurl, List<string> parameterlist)
{
string nonce = Convert.ToBase64String(new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString()));
TimeSpan timespan = DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
string timestamp = Convert.ToInt64(timespan.TotalSeconds).ToString();
string signature = getSignature(nonce, timestamp, resourceurl, parameterlist);
// build the authentication header with all information collected
var HeaderFormat = "OAuth " +
"oauth_consumer_key=\"{0}\", " +
"oauth_nonce=\"{1}\", " +
"oauth_signature=\"{2}\", " +
"oauth_signature_method=\"{3}\", " +
"oauth_timestamp=\"{4}\", " +
"oauth_token=\"{5}\", " +
"oauth_version=\"{6}\"";
string authHeader = string.Format(HeaderFormat,
Uri.EscapeDataString(consumerkey),
Uri.EscapeDataString(nonce),
Uri.EscapeDataString(signature),
Uri.EscapeDataString(signaturemethod),
Uri.EscapeDataString(timestamp),
Uri.EscapeDataString(accesstoken),
Uri.EscapeDataString(version)
);
return authHeader;
}
private string getSignature(string nonce, string timestamp, string resourceurl, List<string> parameterlist)
{
// generate the base string for the signature
string baseString = generatebasestring(nonce, timestamp, resourceurl, parameterlist);
baseString = string.Concat("GET&", Uri.EscapeDataString(resourceurl), "&", Uri.EscapeDataString(baseString));
// generate the signature using the base string, consumer secret and access secret from the application api. Using the HMAC-SHA1 signature method
var signingKey = string.Concat(Uri.EscapeDataString(consumersecret), "&", Uri.EscapeDataString(accesssecret));
string signature;
//generate hash using signing key
HMACSHA1 hasher = new HMACSHA1(ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(signingKey));
signature = Convert.ToBase64String(hasher.ComputeHash(ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(baseString)));
//get signature signature using the hash
return signature;
}
private string generatebasestring(string nonce, string timestamp, string resourceurl, List<string> parameterlist)
{
string basestring = "";
//create list with all the security parameters
List<string> baseformat = new List<string>();
baseformat.Add("oauth_consumer_key=" + consumerkey);
baseformat.Add("oauth_nonce=" + nonce);
baseformat.Add("oauth_signature_method=" + signaturemethod);
baseformat.Add("oauth_timestamp=" + timestamp);
baseformat.Add("oauth_token=" + accesstoken);
baseformat.Add("oauth_version=" + version);
//append parameter list as twitter requires the parameters to be in alphabetical order
if (parameterlist != null)
{
baseformat.AddRange(parameterlist);
}
//sort list alphabetically
baseformat.Sort();
//loop through list and generate base string
foreach (string value in baseformat)
{
basestring += value + "&";
}
basestring = basestring.TrimEnd('&');
return basestring;
}
//makes the request to twitter and returns a string of JSON data
private string TwitterWebRequest(string resourceurl, string authheader, List<string> parameterlist)
{
//build the http web request to the twitter api
ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;
string postBody;
if (parameterlist != null)
{
postBody = GetPostBody(parameterlist);
}
else
{
postBody = "";
}
resourceurl += "?" + postBody;
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(resourceurl);
request.Headers.Add("Authorization", authheader);
request.Method = "GET";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
// Retrieve the response json data
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
//json reponse data
string responseData = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
return responseData;
}
private string GetPostBody(List<string> parameterlist)
{
string stringtoreturn = "";
foreach (string item in parameterlist)
{
stringtoreturn += item + "&";
}
stringtoreturn = stringtoreturn.TrimEnd('&');
return stringtoreturn;
}
#endregion
위 소스 중 아래 부분은 System.Net.Json.dll 파일이 추가 되어야 함.
JSON for.NET Download
JsonTextParser = new JsonTextParser();
JsonArrayCollenction = parser.Parse(jsonStrTimeline) as JsonArrayCollection;
